Agreement in late twentieth century southern hemisphere stratospheric temperature trends in observations and ccmval-2, CMIP3, and CMIP5 models

Autor(en)

P.J. Young, A.H. Butler, N. Calvo, L. Haimberger, P.J. Kushner, D.R. Marsh, W.J. Randel, K.H. Rosenlof

Abstrakt

We present a comparison of temperature trends using different satellite and radiosonde observations and climate (GCM) and chemistry-climate model (CCM) outputs, focusing on the role of photochemical ozone depletion in the Antarctic lower stratosphere during the second half of the twentieth century. Ozone-induced stratospheric cooling peaks during November at an altitude of approximately 100 hPa in radiosonde observations, with 1969 to 1998 trends in the range of -3.8 to -4.7 K/dec. This stratospheric cooling trend is more than 50% greater than the previously estimated value of -2.4 K/dec, which suggested that the CCMs were overestimating the stratospheric cooling, and that the less complex GCMs forced by prescribed ozone were matching observations better. Corresponding ensemble mean model trends are -3.8K/dec for the CCMs, -3.5K/dec for the CMIP5 GCMs, and -2.7K/dec for the CMIP3 GCMs. Accounting for various sources of uncertainty-including sampling uncertainty, measurement error, model spread, and trend confidence intervals-observations and CCM and GCM ensembles are consistent in this new analysis. This consistency does not apply to each individual that makes up the GCM and CCM ensembles, and some do not show significant ozone-induced cooling. Nonetheless, analysis of the joint ozone and temperature trends in the CCMs suggests that the modeled cooling/ozone-depletion relationship is within the range of observations. Overall, this study emphasizes the need to use a wide range of observations for model validation as well as sufficient accounting of uncertainty in both models and measurements.

Organisation(en)

Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik

Externe Organisation(en)

Lancaster University, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Universidad Complutense De Madrid, University of Toronto, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, University of Colorado, Boulder

Journal

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

Band

118

Seiten

605-613

Anzahl der Seiten

9

ISSN

2169-897X

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50126

Publikationsdatum

01-2013

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

105206 Meteorologie

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 12 – Nachhaltige/r Konsum und Produktion, SDG 13 – Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz

Link zum Portal

https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/agreement-in-late-twentieth-century-southern-hemisphere-stratospheric-temperature-trends-in-observations-and-ccmval2-cmip3-and-cmip5-models(b9023697-37d0-49ff-a4ab-aeea864fd3d0).html